ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺍﻧﺸﺎﺋﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻻﻧﺠﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ. writing

PARAGRAPH WRITING
ﻓﻲ ﺍﻻﻣﺘﺤﺎﻥ ﻳﻄﻠﺐ ﻣﻨﻚ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﻓﻘﺮﺓ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ
ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﻋﺪﺓ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻷﻓﻜﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻄﺎﺓ ﻭﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺻﻴﻐﺔ
ﺍﻟﺴﺆﺍﻝ ﻛﺎﻵﺗﻲ- :Write a paragraph of …….
sentences about "…………".
How to write a paragraph
ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻴﻦ ﻟﻠﺤﺪﻳﺚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻌﺔ ﺍﻹﻧﺸﺎﺋﻴﺔ:
-1 ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ: ﺗﺒﺪﺃ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻌﺔ ﺍﻹﻧﺸﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺔ
ﻗﺼﻴﺮﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻭﻝ ﺳﻄﺮ ﻭﻳﻨﺒﻐﻲ ﻣﺮﺍﻋﺎﺓ ﻋﻼﻣﺎﺕ
ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻞ.
-2 ﺍﻟﻤﻀﻤﻮﻥ: ﻭﻟﻪ ﺛﻼﺙ ﻣﻜﻮﻧﺎﺕ-:
ﺃﻭﻻ: ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺪﻣﺔ:
ﻭﺗﺤﺘﻮﻯ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻔﻜﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﺘﻢ
ﺗﻨﺎﻭﻟﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﻭﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺒﺪﺃ
ﺍﻟﻔﻘﺮﺓ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺑﺄﺣﺪ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻵﺗﻴﺔ:
- This is one of the most important topics
which I'd like to throw light
on. I'd like to start writing about this topic
saying…………………..
- In fact, much has been said and written
about the (importance) or
(dangers) of )) ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺿﻮﻉ in our life.
- It is known that..… ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺃﻥ .....
- We cannot deny that ..…… ﻻ ﻧﺴﺘﻄﻴﻊ ﺃﻥ ﻧﻨﻜﺮ
ﺃﻥ
- As matter of fact.………… ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻴﻘﺔ
- It is an established fact that……… ﺃﻧﻪ ﺣﻘﻴﻘﺔ
ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ ﺃﻥ
- It is assumed that…………… ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻠﻢ ﺑﻪ ﺃﻥ
- It is clear that.……………… ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺿﺢ ﺃﻥ
..……………… Indeed - ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻊ
- All evidence prove that.……… ﻛﻞ ﺍﻟﺸﻮﺍﻫﺪ
ﺗﺜﺒﺖ ﺃﻥ
- In general.…………… ﻋﻤﻮﻣﺎ
- There is a general agreement that…… ﻫﻨﺎﻙ
ﺍﺗﻔﺎﻕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ
- In my option……………… ﻓﻲ ﺭﺃﻯ
- Let's throw light on.………… ﻟﻨﻠﻘﻰ ﺍﻟﻀﻮﺀ ﻋﻠﻰ
- From my point of view..……… ﻣﻦ ﺟﻬﺔ ﻧﻈﺮﻱ
- First of all…………… ﺃﻭﻻ ﻭﻗﺒﻞ ﻛﻞ ﺷﺊ
- To my mind..……… ﻓﻲ ﺭﺃﻳﻲ
- There is a general agreement that………
ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺍﺗﻔﺎﻕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ
- It is needless to say that………… ﻻ ﺩﺍﻋﻲ
ﻟﻠﻘﻮﻝ ﺃﻥ
ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺎ: ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺿﻮﻉ:
ﻭﻳﺘﻢ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺗﻨﺎﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺪﻣﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﻭﻛﺜﻴﺮﺍ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺘﻢ
ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻓﻴﻪ:
- On the one hand .……………… ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻧﺐ
ﺍﻷﻭﻝ
- on the other hand .……………… ﻭﻣﻦ ﻧﺎﺣﻴﺔ
ﺃﺧﺮﻯ
- In addition to the above mentioned
.……pointsﺑﺎﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺎﻁ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ ﺫﻛﺮﻫﺎ
- Sooner or later ..………………… ﻋﺎﺟﻼ ﺃﻡ ﺁﺟﻼ
- It is only to be hoped that…………… ﺗﺄﻣﻞ
ﻓﻘﻂ ﺃﻥ
- Statistics show that……………… ﺗﺪﻝ
ﺍﻹﺣﺼﺎﺋﻴﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ
………………………Moreover - ﻭﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺫﻟﻚ
- In addition……… , ﺑﺎﻻﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﻟﺬﻟﻚ/
…………Besides ﻋﻼﻭﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺫﻟﻚ
- By the way..………………… ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻜﺮﺓ
- Above all ﻓﻀﻼ ﻋﻦ
ﺫﻟﻚ ................................
- We should give a hand because one hand
can't clap.
ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﻧﺴﺎﻋﺪ ﻷﻥ ﺍﻟﻴﺪ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﻻ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺼﻔﻖ.
- We should take into consideration..………
ﻳﺠﺐ ﺍﻷﺧﺬ ﺑﺎﻻﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭ
ﺛﺎﻟﺜﺎ: ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺗﻤﺔ:
ﻭﻫﻰ ﺗﻠﺨﻴﺺ ﻣﺎ ﻭﺻﻠﺖ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺎ ﺳﺒﻖ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ
ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺿﻮﻉ. ﻭﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ
ﺃﻥ ﻳﺨﺘﻢ ﺑﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﻭﻣﻨﻬﺎ:
- Finally, I think I've covered all the points
related to the subject.
- By the end……… ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺎﻳﺔ
- To sum up/ ……… ﻭﺧﺘﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻝ In
………conclusion ﻭﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﺨﺘﺎﻡ
- Last but not least……… ﺃﺧﻴﺮﺍ ﻭﻟﻴﺲ ﺁﺧﺮﺍ
- Thus we can put an end to that problem.
ﻭﻫﻜﺬﺍ ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻨﺎ ﺃﻥ ﻧﻀﻊ ﺣﺪﺍ ﻟﻬﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﻜﻠﺔ
- In short………… / In a word……… ﺑﺎﺧﺘﺼﺎﺭ
- From the above mentioned points we come
to the conclusion that.………
♣ ﻭﻳﻨﺒﻐﻲ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻌﺮﻑ ﺃﻥ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺒﻴﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ
ﻧﻮﻋﻴﻦ-:
/ -1 De--SS--ive paragraphs ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﻭﺻﻔﻴﻪ:
ﻭﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺯﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻀﺎﺭﻉ ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻴﻂ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ.
Ex. New Cities / Tourism / Exhibition /
Pollution
2- / Narrative paragraphs ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﺭﻭﺍﺋﻴﺔ:
ﻭﻧﺘﺤﺪﺙ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻋﻦ ﺃﺣﺪﺍﺙ ﺗﻤﺖ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻭﻟﺬﻟﻚ ﻧﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ
ﺯﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻴﻂ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ.
Ex. The story of a successful man. / A place
once you visited.
A street accident once you saw. / A terrible
experience once you faced.
♣ ﻭﻳﺠﺐ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺘﻚ ﻻﻯ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺮﺍﻋﻰ ﻣﺎ
ﻳﻠﻲ-:-1 ﺣﺎﻭﻝ ﺗﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﺃﻓﻜﺎﺭﻙ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺿـــﻮﻉ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ
ﺳﺘﻜﺘﺐ ﻓﻴـﻪ ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﺑﻌـﺪ ﻗﺮﺍﺀﺓ ﺭﺃﺱ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺿــــﻮﻉ
ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺮﻩ.
-2 ﻳﺠﺐ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻌﻄﻰ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ ﻓﻜﺮﺓ ﻋﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ
ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ.
-3 ﻟﻜﻲ ﺗﺒﺘﻌــﺪ ﻋـﻦ ﺍﻷﺧﻄـﺎﺀ ﺍﺳﺘﺨـﺪﻡ ﻛﻠﻤـﺎﺕ ﺳﻬﻠـﺔ
ﻭﺟﻤـﻞ ﻗﺼﻴﺮﺓ ﺑﺴﻴﻄﺔ ﺗﺎﻣﺔ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻻﻫﺘﻤـﺎﻡ
ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺃﺩﻭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺮﺑﻂ.
-4 ﻻ ﺗﺨﺮﺝ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﻭﺗﺠﻨﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﺮﺍﺭ.
-5 ﺍﻷﻓﻀﻞ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﻛﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﺃﻱ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ
ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺭﺍﺕ.
-6 ﺑﻌﺪﻣﺎ ﺗﻨﺘﻬﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﺍﻗﺮﺃ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﻣﺮﺓ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ
ﺑﻌﻨﺎﻳﺔ ﻭﺣﺎﻭﻝ ﺗﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﺍﻷﺧﻄﺎﺀ ﺇﻥ ﻭﺟﺪﺕ.
-7 ﻻ ﺗﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﻔﻘﺮﺓ ﺑﺎﻟﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺛﻢ ﺗﺤﺎﻭﻝ ﺗﺮﺟﻤﺘﻬﺎ
ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻹﻧﺠﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ.
ﺻﻴﻐﺔ ﻟﻤﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺑﻨﺎﺀ )ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺑﻲ(
No one can deny the fact that ……. is one of
the most important things
in our life as it plays a very important role in
our life. Above all,
it's considered the backbone of any civilized
country. So, we must
encourage and support it. In other words,
we have to work together to
improve and develop it. There's no doubt
that……. is considered a part
and parcel of any developed country. In
short we can say that……… is the
way to achieve welfare, progress and
.prosperity
ﺻﻴﻐﺔ ﻟﻤﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﻫﺪﺍﻡ )ﺳﻠﺒﻲ(
No one can deny the fact that …….is one of
the most dangerous problems
that faces the whole world nowadays. So,
we must stand together in
order to put an end to such a destructive
problem that threatens us
all. In other words, we must work hand in
hand to put an end to such a
hateful enemy that destroys our society.
There is no doubt that………can't
make our life happier or more comfortable.
At last but not least, it is
considered an obstacle in the way of
progress and development